Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

Income Taxes

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Income Taxes
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes Income Taxes
The calculation of our effective tax rate was as follows for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands, except percentages):
Three Months Ended
March 31,
2024 2023
Income before income taxes $ 145,984  $ 110,341 
Income tax expense $ 31,567  $ 23,773 
Effective tax rate 21.6  % 21.5  %

For interim periods, our income tax expense and resulting effective tax rate are based upon an estimated annual effective tax rate adjusted for the effects of items required to be treated as discrete to the period, including changes in tax laws, changes in estimated exposures for uncertain tax positions, and other items.